COVID-19大流行期间施加的非药物干预措施打破了季节性流感传播的“常态”,国际科学界尚未揭示其从“扰乱”到“恢复”的全过程。针对上述科学问题,余宏杰课题组整合全球流感流行病学监测数据、基因序列数据和人群航空流量数据,将全球分成了12个区域,在贝叶斯系统动力学的框架下重构了四个时期的季节性流感传播模式,并估计了传播的相关参数和潜在驱动因素。此研究识别了全球季节性流感的流行特征和传播关键区域,明确了针对COVID-19的非药物性干预措施对区域流感病毒进化/循环独立性的影响,大流行后流感传播模式的稳健恢复以及新型流感毒株起源地的不确定性,强调了加强呼吸道病原体的病毒学和基因监测、及时调整疫苗接种策略和监测方向的重要性。研究结果对未来大流行的综合应对提供了实证依据,加深了大流行情境下对季节性呼吸道病原体传播和进化的理解。研究发表在Science(全文链接:https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adq3003),同期配发专家述评,作为亮点成果在国家自然科学基金委的官网发布,同时邀请在Clinical and Translational Medicine杂志上撰写述评。
Chen Z, Tsui JL, Gutierrez B, Busch-Moreno S, du Plessis L, Deng X, Cai J, Bajaj S, Suchard MA, Pybus OG*, Lemey P*, Kraemer MUG*, Yu H*. COVID-19 pandemic interventions reshaped the global dispersal of seasonal influenza viruses. Science. 2024. 386(6722):eadq3003. Chen Z, Yu H*. Importance of integrating epidemiological and genomic surveillance of seasonal influenza viruses to monitor global circulation. Clin Transl Med. 2024. 14(12):e70126. (Commentary)
余宏杰课题组基于母婴配对和儿童的纵向随访队列的流行病学调查和麻疹特异性IgG抗体浓度数据,开展了儿童麻疹母传和疫苗诱导免疫应答机制建模研究。首先识别了儿童性别所致母传和疫苗诱导免疫水平的显著差异,随后建立了具备多种参数灵活性的免疫动力学机制模型,最后模拟确定了不同MCV免疫策略下的群体抗体浓度和具有保护性免疫水平的个体占比的动态变化。以上研究结果表明,尽管人群麻疹特异性免疫水平存在较大的个体异质性,但其在个体水平上具有可预测性,即仅通过母亲抗体水平和疫苗接种时间即可精准预测个体儿童时期的麻疹特异性免疫应答的动态变化轨迹。此发现连同儿童常规两剂次疫苗诱导免疫的衰减规律,以及对个体MCV诱导免疫与预存免疫水平关联性的相关认识,可用于麻疹易感人群的高效识别和最优常规/强化免疫时间的选择。研究发表在Nature Microbiology,全文链接:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41564-024-01694-x,并同期配发专家述评和研究简报(Research Briefing)。
余宏杰课题组在湖南省安化县开展了一项基于社区的全年龄组自然人群的RSV血清流行病学横断面研究,共纳入890名当地常住居民,年龄范围从4月龄至89岁及以上。本研究首先定量评估了自然人群中各年龄组的RSV pre-F IgG抗体水平,并证实了年龄是影响自然人群RSV抗体水平的重要因素。研究发现,相较于5岁及以上人群,低龄儿童的抗体水平更低。研究结果支持优先保护婴幼儿免受RSV感染策略的必要性。随着近年来RSV免疫预防系列措施的快速推进,本研究结果可为RSV主动和被动免疫策略的制定提供及时、可靠的科学依据。研究发表在Clinical Microbiology and Infection,全文链接:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2024.06.005。
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Zheng W†, Dong J†, Chen Z, Deng X, Wu Q, Rodewald LE, Yu H*. Global landscape of COVID-19 vaccination programs for older adults: a descriptive study. Lancet Healthy Longev. 2024. 5(11):100646. Chen X†, Meng X†, Wu Q†, Lim W, Xin Q, Cowling BJ, Meng W§, Yu H*§, Covasa DT§. Assessment of Neutralizing Antibody Response as a Correlate of Protection against Symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infections after Administration of two doses of the CoronaVac inactivated COVID-19 Vaccine: A Phase III Randomized Controlled Trial. J Infect. 2024. 89(6):106315.
Mou J†, Tan S†, Zhang J†, Sai B, Wang M, Dai B, Ming B, Liu S, Jin Z, Sun G, Yu H*, Lu X*. Strong long ties facilitate epidemic containment on mobility networks. PNAS Nexus, 2024. 515. Kummer AG†, Zhang J†, Jiang C†, Litvinova M, Ventura PC, Garcia MA, Vespignani A, Wu H*§, Yu H*§, Ajelli M§. Evaluating Seasonal Variations in Human Contact Patterns and Their Impact on the Transmission of Respiratory Infectious Diseases. Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2024;18(5):e13301. Liang Y†, You Q, Wang Q, Yang X, Zhong G, Dong K, Zhao Z, Liu N, Yan X, Lu W, Peng C, Zhou J, Lin J, Litvinova M, Jit M, Ajelli M§, Yu H§, Zhang J†*. Social contact patterns and their impact on the transmission of respiratory pathogens in rural China. Infect Dis Model. 2024. 10(2):439-452.
Deng X†, Tian Y†, Zou J, Yang J, Sun K*, Yu H*. The risk of mpox importation and subsequent outbreak potential in Chinese mainland: a retrospective statistical modelling study. Infect Dis Poverty. 2024; 13(1):21. Liu H, Cai J, Zhou J, Xu X, Ajelli M§, Yu H*§. Assessing the impact of interventions on the major Omicron BA.2 outbreak in spring 2022 in Shanghai. Infect Dis Model. 2024; 9(2):519-526. Liu H, Xu X, Deng X, Hu Z, Sun R, Zou J, Dong J, Wu Q, Chen X, Yi L, Cai J, Zhang J, Ajelli M*§, Yu H*§. Counterfactual analysis of the 2023 Omicron XBB wave in China. Infect Dis Model. 2024; 9(1):195-203.