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期刊：Nature Communications

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As autonomous vehicles redefine transportation, addressing challenges from refining sensor technologies to societal implications becomes imperative. This Collection provides a platform to delve into the multiple facets of autonomous driving and traffic systems, fostering a deeper understanding of the challenges and opportunities that lie down the road. Beyond technical developments in perception, sensing and detection systems, navigation algorithms, and control mechanisms, we also welcome submissions focusing on the integration of autonomous vehicles into existing traffic systems, the dynamics of human-machine interaction, and the socio-economic impacts during the coexistence of human and autonomous drivers.

期刊：Communications Medicine等

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Childhood respiratory diseases (CRD), ranging from acute viral and bacterial infections to chronic non-communicable diseases, are among the leading causes of child mortality, morbidity, and disability across the world. Pneumonia, despite being preventable and treatable, continues to be the leading cause of child mortality, with over 1 million deaths globally each year. One in five tuberculosis cases affects those under 5 years old. Asthma is the most common chronic condition in children, with increasing prevalence year on year. Environmental factors including indoor air pollution, second-hand tobacco smoke, living in crowded homes and inadequate nutrition are all known to increase the risk of CRD.

期刊：Scientific Reports

客座编辑：Chih-hung Chang, Richard Yongqing Fu, Sawanta S. Mali & Yi Zheng

Thin films are structures in which one dimension is less than several micrometers thick. Researchers in academia and industry are engaged in the development of the next generation of thin films technologies to produce systems that satisfy our latest needs for energy applications. Thin films are expected to be paramount in photovoltaics to produce high-performance solar panels - made of materials such as Cadmium Telluride, Amorphous Silicon, Gallium Arsinide, etc.- as well as in energy storage to realise, for example, thin film lithium batteries.

期刊：Communications Materials

客座编辑：Andreu Cabot, Golareh (Goli) Jalilvand & Guangmin Zhou

Lithium-sulfur batteries stand out over traditional lithium-ion batteries for their high energy density, promising longer power durations for devices and electric vehicles. Furthermore, sulfur, which is used as the cathode, is abundant, inexpensive, and environmentally friendly, making lithium-sulfur batteries a more sustainable option. Despite these advantages, they face challenges such as limited cycle life, sulfur’s low conductivity, and the formation of soluble polysulfides that can cause capacity degradation and reduce battery efficiency. Overcoming these obstacles is essential for the widespread adoption of lithium-sulfur batteries across various applications.

期刊：Humanities and Social Sciences Communications

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The process of independently repeating earlier studies—by interrogating the same research questions, and employing the same or similar methods and data—is broadly considered the cornerstone of science, and key to advancing academic knowledge and maintaining trust in scholarly research. The issue of poor reproducibility and the associated ‘replication crisis’, particularly in the biomedical, natural sciences and behavioural sciences, are well documented in the literature. Despite this, there remain divergent opinions on the definition and meaning of key terms (such as replication, reproducibility and transparency), as well on the feasibility of replicating research in some fields, notably in the humanities.

期刊：Communications Biology等

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The discovery of superconductivity in infinite-layer nickelate thin films in 2019 opened a new realm for superconductivity research after a decades-long search for superconductivity in nickel-based compounds. The subsequent discovery of superconductivity in bulk nickelate compounds under hydrostatic pressure in 2023 has re-ignited the field.

期刊：Scientific Reports

客座编辑：Chen Huijun (Cynthia), Fangyao Chen, Alexandre Cardoso da Cunha, Zhenjie Wang

 & Andriy Yabluchanskiy

Although public health policies and campaigns and have contributed significantly to improving longevity over the past century, older adults have not been central to the public health agenda as the field developed, and many current public health priorities do not focus on older adults. However, older individuals face significant health concerns, including neurological diseases, declining physical health, increased loneliness, and health inequities. Therefore, as the world’s population continues to age, promoting health for older adults will become a vital priority for public health. In addition to promoting physical health priorities, including such as health checkups, vaccinations, and neurological screenings, we must examine other priorities to increase the health-related quality of life for older individuals, such as creating age-friendly communities, reducing social isolation and loneliness in older adults, and addressing ageism in healthcare and public health settings.

期刊：Communications Biology

客座编辑：Isabela Pedroza-Pacheco

Infections with pathogens including viruses and bacteria can increase the risk for cancer or even cause its onset in humans. Understanding how infectious agents impact the onset, progression and metastasis of cancer can pave the way for effective treatment options such as vaccines. In addition, infections have also been linked to anti-tumoral immunity.

期刊：Scientific Reports

客座编辑：Min Sik Park & Xinwei Cui

Multivalent batteries represent a significant advancement in battery technology, characterized by their use of multivalent ions (e.g., magnesium, calcium, or aluminum) instead of the monovalent lithium ions. These batteries hold the potential for higher energy densities and enhanced safety due to the nature of the multivalent ions, which are more stable and can carry more than one electric charge. The development of multi-valence batteries is in an early commercial stage, with significant focus on addressing challenges like the slow movement of multivalent ions through electrolytes and their interactions with electrode materials. Efforts are also underway to deepen understanding of the electrochemical processes within these batteries, including ion transport mechanisms and electrode degradation pathways.

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